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Neurorehabilitation: Advantages of a Multidisciplinary Team Approach
Rehabilitation: The process of restoration of skills by a person who has had an illness or injury so as to regain maximum self-sufficiency and function in a normal or as near normal manner as possible. For example, rehabilitation after a stroke may help the client to walk and speak clearly again.
Neurorehabilitation is a complex medical process which aims to aid recovery from a nervous system, and to minimise and/or compensate for any functional alterations resulting from it. Neurorehabilitation is a speciality of neuroscience, which deals with the study and application of complex medical processes aiming at recovery from nervous system injury and to compensate for functional alterations.
In the case of a serious disability, such as caused by a severe spinal injury or brain damage, the patient and their families' abilities, life style, and projects, are suddenly shattered. In order to cope with this situation, the person and their family must establish and negotiate a "new way of living", both with their changed body and as a changed individual within their wider community.
Neurorehabilitation works with the skills and attitudes of the disabled person, their family and friends. It promotes their skills to work at the highest level of independence possible for them and encourages them to rebuild self-esteem and a positive mood. Thus, they can adapt to the new situation and become empowered for successful and committed community reintegration.
- Holistic: It should cater for the physical, cognitive, psychological, social and cultural dimensions of the personality, stage of progress and lifestyle of both the client and their family.
- Client-focused: Customized health care strategies should be developed and focused on the client and their family.
- Inclusive: Care-plans should be designed and implemented by multidisciplinary teams made up of highly qualified and motivated practitioners experienced in multidisciplinary teamwork.
- Participatory: The client and their family's active cooperation is essential. The client and family must be well-informed and a trusting relationship with the multidisciplinary team established.
- Sparing: Treatment must aim at empowering the client to maximise independence and reduce the physical impairment and reliance on mobility aids.
- Lifelong: The client's various needs throughout their life must be catered for by ensuring continuity of care all the way through from injury onset to the highest possible level of recovery of function. This may include addressing medical complications of the injury or illness later in life.
- Resolving: Treatment has to include adequate human and material resources for efficiently resolving each of the client's problems, as they arise.
- Community-focused: It is necessary to look for the solutions best adapted to the specific characteristics of the community and to further the creation of community resources favouring the best possible community reintegration of the client.
Neurorehabilitation should be: